CIVIL AND GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING
Civil Engineering Design
We provide professional services for a wide range of civil engineering projects,for public,utility companies,commercial and private clients. Our projects range from small housing estate, highways, below ground drainage and retaining wall schemes, through ground and foundation movement investigation, to detailed analysis and design of buildings and structures, drainage and water storage, ground works or foundations for major projects, buildings and structures. Our design expertise encompasses all conventionally adopted materials using recognized and advanced techniques. We regularly design projects of reinforced concrete and steel framed construction, steel concrete and other composite construction, mansory, timber, structural aluminum and glass construction. Projects have included the analysis and design of foundations, piling, retaining walls, slope embankments, ground anchors, temporary works and below ground drainage schemes. Design of more complex structures are undertaken, including antennae, masts, space frames, tensile, cable stayed, stressed skins, post-tensioned and over stressed structures. Dynamic analysis and design of more dynamically sensitive or critical structures can be undertaken. Design is fully supported with computer structural analysis design aids and tools, including finite element model and space frame model structural analysis. We value highly and ensure development of a close working relationship with the client, Architect and other design professionals.
Civil Engineering Activities
We outline a brief summary of those Civil Engineering activities we undertake. These include Design and Analysis of :
Building and Structures, Bridges, Foundations, Underpinning and Foundation Stabilization, pilling, Deep basements and water retaining construction, Temporary works. Earth Retaining structures and retaining walls include
- Mass concrete gravity
- Reinforced concrete
- Masonry
- Reinforced masonry
- Reinforced earth
- Structural steel sheeting
- Pilling
- Timber
Slopes and embankments includes
- Un-reinforced slopes
- Ground anchored
- Soil nailing
- Reinforced earth
- Below ground drainage and sewers
- Building and structures survey and investigation
- Foundation and ground investigation
- Precision monitoring of structural ground and or foundation movement
Detailed assessment and analysis of foundation movement settlement feasibility studies advice Foundation design, piling, earth retaining structures and retaining walls, Temporary works design, ground and foundation investigation, project management and other related sections, these include building and structure design, refurbishment and foundation design, surveys, structural investigation and reports.Geo technical Engineering Services
We provide professional advice and designs in respect of all Geo technical aspects of ground works and
all building or structure types, from state of the art to historic buildings. Our projects range from small below ground drainage or retaining wall schemes through subsidence, ground and foundation movement investigation, to detailed analysis and design of groundwork or foundations for major projects and multistory buildings. Our design expertise encompasses all conventionally adopted materials using recognized and advanced techniques. We regularly analyze and design foundations, piling, retaining walls, slopes, embankments, ground anchors, temporary works and below ground drainage schemes. Designs of more complex building and ground structures are undertaken, including earthquake design and ground anchored systems. Dynamic analysis and design of more dynamically sensitive or critical structures can be undertaken. Design is fully supported with computer structural analysis design aids and tools, including finite element model and space frame model structural analysis. Design and drawing is output using CAD and 3D facilities. We value highly and ensure development of a close working relationship with the client, Structural Engineers and other design professionals. We outline a brief summary of those Geo technical engineering activities we undertake, these include: Foundation and Ground Investigation
- Investigation of ground, ground structure and or foundation movement
- Precision monitoring of ground, ground structure and or foundation movement
- Detailed assessment and analysis of foundation movement and settlement including immediate, long term, and or consolidation settlement, differential settlement.
Design and Analysis of- Foundations
- Underpinning and foundation stabilization
- Piling
- Foundation and structures against clay soil movement, heave and settlement.
- Special or deep foundation
- Deep basement and water retaining construction.
Earth Retaining structures and retaining walls including
- Mass concrete gravity
- Reinforce concrete
- Masonry
- Reinforced masonry
- Ground anchored
- Soil nailing
- Reinforced earth
- Structural steel sheeting
- Piling
- Timber
Slopes and embankments including
- Un-reinforced slopes
- Ground anchored
- Soil nailing
- Reinforced earth
- Dynamic and earthquake design
Foundation and Ground Investigation
Ground and foundation investigation and other related sections, these include: Surveys, appraisals, structural investigation and reports, Subsidence investigation, Dangerous and unsafe structure investigation, remedial design and control, Temporary Works Design, Investigation of ground, ground structure and/or foundation movement Surveys, appraisals, structural investigation, Subsidence investigation, Dangerous and unsafe structure investigation, remedial design and control, Temporary Works Design Monitoring of structures, foundations and adjacent or supporting ground may form part of a proper investigation to determine the risk to safety and structural integrity, causes of movement and appropriate remedial works and course of action. We regularly conduct simple and or precision monitoring investigations.PC controlled level and tilt monitoring of structures can be adopted in more sensitive or critical structures e.g. historic or structurally suspect structures. Site investigation for retaining walls, slopes, embankments and anchorage systems should ensure the ground conditions and foundations of any adjacent buildings or structures are properly assessed in the immediate vicinity and within the zone of influence or behavior of the ground structure. This can involve investigation some distance away from the structure and accurate monitoring of any movement. Ground and foundation investigation and other related sections, these include: Surveys appraisals,structural investigation and reports, Subsidence
Dangerous and unsafe structure investigation, Remedial design and control of Temporary Works
Precision monitoring of ground, ground structure and/or foundation movement.
Settlement of ground subject to changes in stress and consequently of foundations, in this case piles may be separated into two principal parts, immediate and consolidation settlement. Immediate settlement being due to deformation of the soil structure without change in water content, the rate of settlement being rapid and taking place during application of he loading. Consolidation settlement being due to loss of soil volume due to a reduction in groundwater,migrating under stress. We regularly are engaged and can provide a detailed analysis and assessment of ground and foundation movement and settlement. Ground and associated foundation or structure movement, immediate and long term, may be appropriately modeled using recognized predictive methods and analysed with spreadsheet software. Or alternatively,when circumstances warrant, adopting more advanced analysis techniques, including finite element modeling. In clays soils, analysis and assessment of immediate settlement is likely to be assessed using Terzaghi,Butler and Fox modified approach. Long term extent and rate of consolidation settlement is likely to be assessed using a Skempton and Bjerrum modification of Terzaghi's theory of consolidation and Fox modified approach.
Complex problems including various aspect of ground movement can be assessed, these includes
- Varying soil and ground conditions
- Settlement of deep and piled foundation
- Differential settlement and movement
- Ground swelling, heave and or recovery
- Ground movements associated with changes in groundwater regime
- Ground movements associated with excavations
- Ground movements associated with retaining walls and earth supporting structures
- Ground movements associated with ground anchored supporting structures
- Movement and instability of slopes
- Clay soil movement - shrinkage and settlement, heave and uplift groundwater flow
Ground and foundation investigation and other related sections, these incude
- Building and Structure design
- Foundation design
- Refurbishment and conservation design
- Surveys, appraisals, structural investigation and reports
- Subsidence investigation
- Dangerous and unsafe structure investigation
- Remedial design and control
- Temporary works design
- Detailed assessment and analysis of ground and foundation movement and settlement
Deep basement and water retaining construction designs may be carried out in accordance with the relevant recommendations of
- BS 8102 - 1990 Code of Practice for Protection of structures Against Water from the ground
- BS 8007 - Code of Practice for Design of Concrete Structures for Retaining Aqueous Liquid
- BS 8215 - 1991 Code of Practice for Design and Installation of Damp Proof Courses in Masonry Construction
- BS 8004 - 1986 Code of Practice for Foundations
- BS 6031 - 1981 Code of Practice for Earthworks
- BS 8002 - 1994 Code of Practice for Earth Retaining Structures
- EN 1997 - Euro code 7 Geo Technical
Design and Analysis Foundations
These include
Building and Structure design, Refurbishment and conservation design, Surveys, appraisals, structural investigation and reports, Subsidence investigation, Dangerous and unsafe structure investigation, remedial design and control, Temporary Works Design, Ground and Foundation investigation. Underpinning and foundation stabilization Subsidence investigation, remedial design and control, Underpinning and foundation stabilization and other related sections, these include:
Foundation design, Building and Structure design,Refurbishment and conservation design, Surveys, appraisals,structural investigation and reports, Dangerous and unsafe structure investigation,remedial design and control, Temporary Works Design, Ground and Foundation investigation. Piling Design of piled foundations and structural schemes for the full spectrum of buildings and structures is undertaken including low rise to multi - storey structures and earth supporting structures. We have expertise of design of piling within difficult ground or with special design requirements. We can provide a complete design and analysis service to clients, design and construction companies and piling contractors. Investigation to have a proper understanding of the ground and foundation conditions,including those of adjacent buildings and structures, is crucial to enable proper and efficient piling design. We regularly commission and control foundation and ground investigation. Please refer to Ground and Foundation investigation and reports. In addition to more straightforward piling designs, more specialist piling scheme designs and analysis are undertaken, these include
- Small diameter bored and driven piles
- Large diameter bored and driven piles
- Undreamed bored piles
- CFA piles
- Tension or anchor piles
Immediate and long term settlement and uplift analysis of bored and driven piled foundations, Piling schemes and foundations within shrinkable clay soils. Piling schemes and foundations within chalk and in particular where chalk solution features are prevalent.
Piling schemes with foundation bridge or cantilever transfer structures, perhaps to avoid undue loading upon ground services or existing foundations etc. Piled foundations designed for dynamically sensitive or critical structures. Piling schemes for underpinning or other foundation stabilization or improvement works piling for retaining walls, earth supporting and or ground anchored schemes. Piling in close proximity to existing buildings, structures, tunnel services, restricted access piling and piling for temporary works.
Piling design may be carried out in accordance with the relevant recommendations of
- BS 8004 - 1986 Code of Practice for Foundations
- BS 6031 - 1981 Code of Practice for Earthworks
- BS 8002 - 1994 Code of Practice for Earth Retaining Structures
- BS 8006 - 1995 Code of Practice for strengthened/ reinforced soil and other fills
- BS 8081 - 1989 Code of Practice for ground anchorages
- EN 1997 - Euro Code 7 Geo Technical
Building and Structure design, Foundation design, Refurbishment and conservation design,Surveys, appraisals, structural investigation and reports, ground and foundation investigation, Subsidence investigation, remedial design and control, Dangerous and unsafe structure investigation, remedial design and control, Temporary Works Design. Foundations and structures against clay soil movement heave and settlement Subsidence investigation, remedial design and control, Underpinning and foundation stabilization and other related sections, these include
Foundation design, Piling, Building and Structure design,Refurbishment and conservation design, Temporary Works Design, Ground and Foundation investigation and reports Special or deep foundations We have expertise of design of foundations within difficult ground or with special design requirements including deep foundations. Special foundations would include those with made or poor ground, for heavy structures or for dynamically sensitive structures. Deep foundations would include foundations for buildings with deep basements,requiring deep foundations to competent ground and or piled foundations. Careful design and assessment of load carrying capacities, extent of ground movements, affect upon adjacent buildings and structures is important. Health and safety issues are paramount and the need for proper safeguards and temporary support during excavation and construction is important. Foundation design, Piling, Detailed assessment and analysis of ground and foundation movement and settlement and other related sections, these include
Building and Structure design,Refurbishment and conservation design, Surveys, appraisals, structural investigation and reports,Subsidence investigation, Dangerous and unsafe structure investigation, remedial design and control, Temporary Works Design, Ground and Foundation investigation. Deep basement and water retaining construction. We have expertise of design of deep basement and water retaining construction. These may be deep basement and water retaining construction in new or within existing or adjacent to existing buildings and structures. Health and safety issues are paramount and the need for proper safeguards and temporary support during excavation and construction is important. Careful design and assessment of the extent of ground movements and affect upon adjacent buildings and structures during construction and measures for preventing or effectively dealing with groundwater ingress is important. Our design expertise encompasses all conventionally adopted materials using recognized and advanced techniques. We typically design basements or water retaining structures of
- Type A - damp tanking protection
- Type B - Integral protection
- Type C - drained protection, generally adopting masonry or reinforced concrete construction.
Foundation design, Piling, Detailed assessment and analysis of ground and foundation movement and settlement and other related sections, these include
Building and Structure design,Refurbishment and conservation design, Temporary Works Design, Ground and Foundation investigation,Earth Retaining Walls. We have considerable expertise in the analysis and design of earth retaining structures and retaining walls. These may be new earth retaining structures and retaining walls or within existing or adjacent to existing buildings and structures. Health and safety issues are paramount and the need for proper safeguards and temporary support during excavation and construction is important. Careful design and assessment of the extent of ground movements and affect upon adjacent buildings and structures during construction and measures for effectively dealing with groundwater is important.
Design are typically carried out in accordance with the respective material codes of practice and the relevant recommendations of
- BS 8002 - 1994 Code of Practice for Earth Retaining Structures
- BS 8006 - 1995 Code of Practice for Strengthened / reinforced soils and other fills
- BS 8081 - 1989 Code of Practice for ground anchorages
- BS 8004 - 1986 Code of Practice for Foundations
- BS 6031 - 1981 Code of Practice for Earthworks
- EN 1997 - Euro Code 7 Geo Technical
Our design expertise for earth retaining structures and retaining walls encompasses all conventionally adopted materials using recognized and advanced techniques including
- Mass concrete gravity
- Reinforced concrete
- Masonry
- Reinforced masonry
- Ground anchored
- Soil nailing
- Reinforced earth
- Structural steel sheeting
- Piling
- Timber
Slopes and embankments Ground slopes and embankments including those particular types and applications listed below are analyzed and or designed using various available methods. We have considerable expertise in the analysis and design of ground slopes and embankments. These may be new or existing ground slopes and embankments, remote or adjacent to existing buildings and structures. Health and safety issues are paramount and the need for proper safeguards and temporary support during any excavation and or construction is important. Careful design and assessment of the extent of ground movements and affect upon adjacent buildings and structures during construction and measures for effectively dealing with groundwater is important.
Designs may be carried out in accordance with the respective material code of practice and the relevant recommendations of
- BS 6031 - 1981 Code of Practice for Earthworks
- BS 8006 - 1995 Code of Practice for strengthened / reinforced soils and other fills
- BS 8081 - 1989 Code of Practice for ground anchorages
- BS 8002 - 1994 Code of Practice for Earth Retaining Structures
- BS 8004 - 1986 Code of Practice for Foundations
- EN 1997 - Euro code 7 Geo technical
Our design expertise for ground slopes and embankments, including those particular types and applications listed below, encompass all ground conditions and types and conventionally adopted materials using recognized and advanced techniques
- Un-reinforced slopes
- Ground anchored
- Soil nailing
- Reinforced earth
